Hydraulic cylinders serve as the muscles of work machines. The commands given by the operator are transmitted to the oil pumps as an electrical signal. Then, the oil pressed from the oil pumps is transferred to the hydraulic cylinder through hoses. With this oil, the cylinder moves the arm by opening and closing. Hydraulic cylinder is a manufacturing made by calculation.
A hydraulic cylinder is the combination of multiple pieces of equipment. Hydraulic cylinders consist of honed pipe, tie rod rod, piston, front cover (cover), cap end, seals and cushioning bands. Additionally, these parts may differ depending on the machines.
Let’s explain these main parts as follows.
Honed Tube in Hydraulic Cylinder
Honed tube is the main part of a hydraulic cylinder and the honed tube forms the outer part of the hydraulic cylinder. Besides it allows the piston to advance or retract inside the honed tube by means of the oil pressed into it.
In order for the hydraulic cylinder to work well, the inner surface of the honed tube must be smooth. Scratches that may occur on the honed pipe may cause the seals to rupture and oil leakage. Therefore, it is important that the surfaces are smooth. A hydraulic cylinder that leaks oil cannot move smoothly.
Because of that it is important to combine the honed tube with other cylinder parts. Due to defects in these connections, hydraulic cylinders cannot operate as desired.
Rod Shaft in Hydraulic Cylinder
In the hydraulic cylinder, the rod shaft is the part that transmits the movement received from the piston to the arm. The rod shaft works by going out from the front cover (cap) through the honed tube in the hydraulic cylinder. There are seals inside the front cover that prevent the oil inside the hydraulic cylinder from escaping. Also, the surface of the tie rod shaft must be smooth. In this way, damage to the seals or oil leakage can be prevented. For this purpose, the surface of the tie rod shafts must be hardened, ground and chrome plated. Besides, we connect the rod shafts to the arm via the pin passing through the rod head.
Front Cover (Cap)
The front cover of the hydraulic cylinder is an important part that shelters the rod and prevents the oil in the cylinder from leaking. It has seal, nutring and o-ring bearings on it. Depending on the structure of the cylinder, we attach it to the honed tube by screwing or welding.
We produce the inner diameter and outer diameter of the caps in precise measurements. Also, we can grind the inner diameter of the cap, if it is necessary.
It is important to machining the inner and outer diameters together to avoid irregular rotation during production.
Cap End
The cap end on the hydraulic cylinder connects the cylinder and body equipment. It also limits piston movement. We weld the cover end of the hydraulic cylinder to the honed tube.
Piston
In the hydraulic cylinder, the piston prevents the oil that fills the cylinder from leaking into the next area. So, it moves with the pressure on itself and moves the tie rod shaft on it. The diameter of the pistons is smaller than the inner diameter of the honed pipes. However, the seal and cushioning tapes attached to the channels on it create a certain tightness, preventing the passage of oil and regulating the movement. And also we fix the pistons to the tie rod shafts with the thread on them or with counter nuts.
Seal and Cushioning Rings
Seal and cushioning bands in hydraulic cylinders are auxiliary elements that ensure sealing and smooth movement. Because of that we choose seals and rings according to the environment in which the hydraulic cylinder will operate. For example, the seals in the hydraulic cylinder that will operate at high temperatures must have heat resistance.
As can be seen from the above information, hydraulic cylinder manufacturing must be done with calculations and meticulousness. Because of that, you can learn detailed information about this subject by contacting us.